Influenza A (H1N1) Q&A
甲型流感病毒(H1N1)问答
What is influenza A (H1N1)?
什么是甲型流感病毒(H1N1)？
Influenza A (H1N1) is a respiratory disease of pigs caused by type A influenza viruses that causes regular outbreaks in pigs. People do not normally get H1N1, but human infections can and do happen. Influenza A (H1N1) viruses have been reported to spread from person-to-person, but in the past, this transmission was limited and not sustained beyond three people.
甲型流感(H1N1)是由A型流感病毒引起的呼吸性疾病，在猪群体中定期发作。人通常不会感染H1N1，但是人可以被传染，这也正是现在发生的情况。曾有甲型流感病毒(H1N1)在人际间传染的报道，但是过去发生的传染较为有限，通常不会超过3个人。
What are the symptoms?
疾病症状是怎样的？
Limited information is available at this stage. It appears that the early symptoms are similar to seasonal flu - cough, fever, sore throat, headache, runny nose, general fatigue, and muscle pains. Some patients have also had vomiting and diarrhea. Severe cases have progressed quickly (within 5 days) to a pneumonia-like illness, which involves shortness of breath and difficulty breathing.
目前相关信息比较有限。初期症状类似季节性感冒，包括咳嗽、发热、咽喉肿痛、头疼、流鼻涕、全身疲劳、以及肌肉痛。有些患者还出现呕吐和腹泻的情况。病情严重的患者迅速发展（5天内）成类似肺炎的情况，包括呼吸短促和困难。
If you or your family experience these types of symptoms, it is important to stay home from work or school and to seek medical care, in particular, if you have recently traveled to the affected areas of if you have difficulty breathing.
如果您或您的家人出现上述症状，请不要去上班或上学，立即就诊。如果您最近曾去过疫区，或者您呼吸困难，更要特别注意。
How is this influenza A (H1N1) spreading?
甲型流感病毒(H1N1)是怎样传播的？
It is most likely spreading from person to person in the same way other flu viruses spread: through infectious respiratory droplets (droplets released when a person coughs, sneezes or talks). If these get into a healthy person's nose or mouth, they can get infected.
最有可能的人际传播方式与其他流感病毒相同：即通过传染性的呼吸飞沫（当人咳嗽、打喷嚏或说话时产生的飞沫）传播。如果飞沫进入健康人的鼻子或口腔，他们就会被传染。
Sometimes people get infected when they touch something with flu virus on it and then touch their mouth or nose. Flu virus can live on shared objects (doorknobs, keyboards, counters, etc).
有时，接触带有流感病毒的物品表面，然后又接触自己的口或鼻也会造成传染。病毒可以在共用物品表面生存（门把手、键盘、柜台等）
Can I catch influenza A (H1N1) from eating pork or pork products?
吃猪肉或猪肉制品会不会传染甲型流感病毒(H1N1)？
No. 不会
How can I prevent from getting sick? 怎样才能避免传染？
It is important to follow specific precautions to reduce the chance of acquiring or spreading the virus:
采取针对性的预防措施，降低患病或传染病毒的几率十分重要：
Ø Washing hands after coughing or sneezing
咳嗽或喷嚏后洗手
Ø Avoiding crowded areas when possible
尽可能不去人多的地方
There is no specific vaccine against this influenza A (H1N1). Regular seasonal flu vaccine is unlikely to provide protection against this strain. Nevertheless, those who have not had a seasonal flu vaccine should consider doing so while supplies last.
没有针对甲型流感病毒(H1N1)的疫苗，常规的季节性流感疫苗不能提供针对性的保护。但是，没有打过季节性流感疫苗的人应考虑注射疫苗。
Can I get flu vaccine to prevent influenza A (H1N1)?
我能注射流感疫苗来预防甲型流感病毒(H1N1)吗？
The current flu vaccine does not cover the influenza A (H1N1). If you have any questions about the flu vaccine, please consult with your physician.
目前的流感疫苗并不能产生针对甲型流感病毒(H1N1)的抗性。如果你对流感疫苗有问题，请咨询你的医生。
I want to have some Tamiflu. How can I get some?
我想开点泰米弗氯，怎么才能得到？
Tamiflu is a prescription medication and supply is limited. CDC is providing Tamiflu for confirmed or suspected case of influenza. Please consult with your local CDC if you need additional information.
泰米弗氯是处方药，而且目前供应量有限。目前疾控中心只对流感的疑似患者和确诊患者提供泰米弗氯。如果您想了解更多的有关信息，请咨询就近的疾控中心。
How long can an infected person spread influenza A (H1N1) to others?
在多长时间内，病毒携带者可将甲型流感病毒(H1N1)传染给别人？
People with influenza A (H1N1) virus infection should be considered potentially contagious as long as they are symptomatic and possible for up to 7 days following illness onset. Children, especially younger children, might potentially be contagious for longer periods.
病毒携带者只要有症状，就应被视为具有传染性，而且在发病后7天内，都具有传染性。孩子，特别是幼儿，其传染时间更长。
What surfaces are most likely to be sources of contamination?
哪些物品表面更容易成为污染源？
Germs can be spread when a person touches something that is contaminated with germs and then touches his or her eyes, nose, or mouth. Droplets from a cough or sneeze of an infected person move through the air. Germs can be spread when a person touches respiratory droplets from another person on a surface like a desk and then touches their own eyes, mouth or nose before washing their hands.
当人接触病毒污染的物品表面后，再接触自己的眼睛、鼻子和口腔，病毒就会经此传播。携带病毒者喷嚏或咳嗽产生的飞沫，可经空气传播病毒。当人接触到占有他人飞沫的物品表面，例如桌面，洗手前再接触自己的眼睛、鼻子和口腔，病毒也会传播。
How long can viruses live outside the body?
病毒在体外可以存活多久？
We know that some viruses and bacteria can live 2 hours or longer on surfaces like cafeteria tables, doorknobs, and desks. Frequent hand washing will help you reduce the chance of getting contamination from these common surfaces.
有些病毒和细菌在物品表面，如咖啡桌、门把手和书桌上可以存活2小时或更长。经常洗手可以有效降低被传染的概率。
Where I can get updated information?
从哪可以得到最新的有关资讯？
WHO
世界卫生组织
Chinese CDC
中国国家疾病监控中心
United States CDC
美国疾病监控中心
Mexico Dep't of Health
墨西哥卫生部
Health Canada
加拿大卫生部
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